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Focal therapy · HIFU · Prostate cancer · India

Treat the cancer.Keep the prostate.

Dr Sachin Arakere Nataraj · Focal therapist · Uro-oncologist · Robotic surgeon

Focused ultrasound destroys the tumour and leaves the healthy gland, nerves and sphincter untouched. No incision. Home the same day. Delhi NCR & Bangalore.

Choices
Chapter 01

You were told you have two choices.
Neither one felt right.

Remove the whole prostate, or radiate the whole prostate. Both treat a tumour the size of a grape by treating an organ the size of a walnut, and everything wrapped around it. That is why the conversation turns, very quickly, to pads and erectile dysfunction. There is a third option. It has been in use for over a decade.

I

Active surveillance

Live with a cancer you know is there. Yearly MRI and PSA, biopsy when something changes. Right for very low-risk disease. Hard on the nerves.

II

Focal HIFU

Treat the tumour inside the gland and leave the rest. One session, no incision, home the same day. 98 in 100 pad-free; most men keep erections.

III

Radical treatment

Remove or radiate the whole prostate. Right when disease is in more than one region or higher grade. Higher risk to continence and erections.

Chapter 02

How focal HIFU works

A probe placed under anaesthesia delivers focused ultrasound, like a magnifying glass concentrating sunlight, to a point inside the prostate. Each pulse heats a grain-of-rice-sized spot to around 80°C and destroys it. Guided by your MRI, the tumour is treated spot by spot with a safety margin.

No cut

Nothing is removed, nothing is sewn. The nerve bundles and urinary sphincter are deliberately left alone.

One session

About two hours under anaesthesia. Most men go home the same day.

Days, not weeks

Back to normal life in days. Mild burning on urination for a few days is usual.

Nothing closed off

If cancer ever returns, repeat focal treatment, surgery and radiation remain fully available.

Who it suits
A tumour visible on MRI, confined to one region of the prostate
Biopsy Gleason 3+4 or 4+3 (Grade Group 2–3)
PSA under about 20
Roughly one in three newly diagnosed men fit this picture
Interactive · drag to rotate

What "focal" means

The grey points are the prostate. The red zone is the tumour with its safety margin: the only part treated. Everything else, including the nerve bundles at the back corners, is left exactly as it was.

Treated zone (tumour + margin)
Healthy prostate, untouched
Neurovascular bundles, preserved
In motion
In motion · 30 seconds

A focal HIFU session, start to finish

Five scenes, each showing one step. Tap a scene to jump to it.

  1. The MRI finds the target. A multiparametric MRI and a mapped biopsy show where the significant cancer is
  2. MRI and biopsy are fused with live ultrasound. The target shows on the treatment screen
  3. The treatment zone is drawn. Tumour plus a safety margin; the rest is planned to be left alone
  4. The robot delivers it, point by point. Each small lesion lands where it was planned, watched on live ultrasound
  5. The rectum is protected, the rest is left alone. Distance to the rectal wall is measured and controlled in real time

Illustrative animation, not surgical footage.

The machine
The machine

The robotic HIFU system

This practice delivers focal HIFU with a robotic HIFU system. It rests on three things: finding the target, treating it precisely, and published evidence. The four steps below are what happens during the session.

Pillar 1Find the target accurately

Multiparametric MRI locates the suspicious area and guides the biopsy. Both the MRI and the biopsy map are then carried into the treatment.

Pillar 2Treat it precisely

Focused ultrasound is delivered through the rectum with no incision. Treatment is built from small unit lesions, so the treated area follows the shape of the plan.

Pillar 3Rely on published evidence

HIFU for prostate cancer has long-term published follow-up, including a multicentre study of treating one half of the gland.

MRI targetFrontMRI + biopsy on live ultrasound
1 · Your MRI and biopsy go into the machine

The MRI and the biopsy map are fused with live ultrasound, so the tumour seen on your scan is shown on the treatment screen.

More

The fusion is elastic: it reshapes the MRI to match the prostate as it lies on the day, rather than simply overlaying one picture on another.

FrontTumour, then a safety margin
2 · The treatment zone is drawn

The tumour is outlined and a safety margin added. Everything outside that line is planned to be left alone.

More

The plan is made on your own images before any energy is delivered, and can be adjusted during the session.

FrontRobotic, point-by-point delivery
3 · The robot delivers it, point by point

The probe is moved by the machine, and the focal point is steered electronically, so each small lesion lands where it was planned.

More

The same probe images the prostate and delivers the treatment, so the surgeon watches each shot on live ultrasound as it happens.

FrontRectal wall distance monitored
4 · The rectum is protected throughout

The distance between the treatment zone and the rectal wall is measured and controlled in real time.

More

This is the main safety check of the procedure and the reason serious injury to the rectum is rare.

7.5 MHzImaging transducer, showing the prostate live during treatment
3 MHzHIFU treatment transducer, in the same probe
4 axesMotorised probe movement: three directions and one rotation
0 moving partsneeded to shift the focal point; it is steered electronically

The evidence the manufacturer cites

The manufacturer points to more than 80 peer-reviewed publications on prostate HIFU. Three they name are listed here so you can read them yourself. Published results describe groups of patients; they do not predict an individual result.

  • Crouzet and colleagues, European Urology, 2014: whole-gland HIFU, long-term outcomes in a large single-centre series.
  • Ganzer and colleagues, BJU International, 2013: long-term cancer control and function after HIFU.
  • Rischmann and colleagues, European Urology, 2017: French multicentre study of HIFU to one half of the prostate.

Device facts on this page are taken from the manufacturer's published product information and reworded. Specifications can change; this site is independent of the manufacturer.

In theatre
In theatre

The robotic HIFU system, in use

Photographs from the operating theatre. Some images have been edited with AI tools.

Dr Sachin seated at the system console
At the consoleThe surgeon plans, controls and watches the whole treatment from here.
Dr Sachin pointing at the ultrasound image on the system screen
Checking the targetThe target is confirmed on the live image before treatment starts.
Dr Sachin working at the planning screens
Planning the treatmentMRI and live ultrasound are reviewed on the two screens before any energy is delivered.
Dr Sachin seated beside the system console
Beside the systemIn theatre with the system set up for a session.
Dr Sachin positioning the treatment head
Setting up the treatment headThe treatment head is positioned and checked before each session.
The robotic HIFU system
The robotic HIFU systemThe treatment head, probe and twin planning screens in one unit.
Types
Guide · Types of focal therapy

How much of the prostate is treated

Focal therapy is a family of treatments defined by how much of the gland is treated. Red is the treated zone; the white dots are the nerve bundles.

FrontTumour + margin only
Lesion-targeted ablation

Only the tumour seen on MRI, plus a safety margin of a few millimetres. The smallest treatment; preserves the most.

More

It depends on accurate imaging and a biopsy that maps the whole gland properly.

FrontOne quarter
Quadrant ablation

One quarter of the prostate. A slightly wider field when the tumour sits clearly within one quadrant.

FrontOne side
Hemi-ablation

One whole side is treated; the other is left alone.

More

Used when cancer is confined to one side but involves more than one spot, or when its exact edge is uncertain.

FrontOne side + front of the other
Extended ablation ("hockey-stick")

One full side plus the front of the other, sparing one nerve bundle.

More

Used when a tumour crosses the midline at the front of the gland.

FrontEntire gland
Whole-gland ablation

The entire prostate is treated without being removed. Strictly, not focal therapy.

More

Side effects are closer to those of radical treatment. It has a place in selected situations, including cancer that returns after radiotherapy.

FrontSmallest field that is safe
Why the pattern matters

A smaller field protects continence and erections. A wider field lowers the chance of leaving cancer behind.

More

The right answer is the smallest field that safely covers everything the MRI and biopsy have found.

Energies
Guide · Modalities

The energies used for focal therapy

Several technologies can destroy a defined zone of prostate tissue. This practice uses HIFU, delivered with a robotic HIFU system. The others are shown so you can understand what you may be offered elsewhere.

FrontProbe in the rectum
HIFU · focused ultrasound (used here)

Ultrasound waves focused to a rice-grain point at 80–90°C. No needles, no incision.

More

The tumour is treated point by point under live ultrasound. It reaches the back and middle of the gland best; far-anterior tumours in a large gland, or heavy calcification, are harder. HIFU has the longest published follow-up of the focal treatments.

FrontNeedles through the perineum
Cryotherapy · freezing

Thin needles freeze the tumour to about −40°C in two freeze–thaw cycles.

More

The ice ball is watched on ultrasound and a warming catheter protects the urethra. Cryotherapy reaches tumours at the front of the gland well and is useful in larger prostates.

FrontFour needles around the tumour
IRE · electrical pulses (NanoKnife)

Very short high-voltage pulses punch permanent holes in cancer-cell membranes. No heat.

More

Because it is non-thermal, nearby nerves, vessels and the urethra tolerate it better. It needs general anaesthesia with full muscle relaxation, and is often considered near the apex or a nerve bundle. Follow-up data are shorter than for HIFU and cryotherapy.

FrontInside an MRI scanner
TULSA · ultrasound from the urethra

An applicator in the urethra heats outwards while an MRI shows a live temperature map.

More

The urethra and rectum are cooled throughout. It can treat part or all of the gland. It needs an MRI suite and a longer procedure.

FrontOne laser fibre
Focal laser ablation

A fine laser fibre, guided by MRI, heats a small and very precise zone.

More

Suited to small, well-defined tumours. Available in few centres.

FrontLight-activated drug
Photodynamic therapy (VTP)

A light-sensitive drug is activated by laser fibres and shuts off the blood supply to the treated zone.

More

Studied mainly in low-risk disease, and available in few centres.

FrontRadioactive seeds
Focal brachytherapy

Radioactive seeds, or a temporary source, deliver radiation to part of the gland only.

More

A radiation-based form of focal treatment that is still being studied.

FrontBackFrontLocation guides the energy
How the choice is made

Where the tumour sits, the size of the gland, the grade of cancer, and the team’s experience.

More

Front, back or apex; gland size and calcification; the grade and volume of cancer; previous treatment; and the experience of the team with each technology. No single energy is right for every tumour.

Availability of each technology varies between centres in India. Which approach suits you is decided only after your MRI and biopsy have been reviewed.

Journey
Guide · What to expect

From first scan to follow-up

Focal therapy is a programme, not a single morning. Most of the work happens before the treatment, in confirming exactly where the cancer is, and after it, in checking that it has gone.

1 · Mapping

A multiparametric MRI, then a biopsy that samples both the MRI target and the rest of the gland. A PSMA PET scan is added when the risk warrants it. The aim is to prove the cancer is confined and to know exactly where it is.

2 · Planning

Your MRI and biopsy are combined into a treatment map: the zone to treat and the margin around it. You have an anaesthetic check and are told plainly what is being treated and what is being left.

3 · Treatment day

Under anaesthesia, usually one to two hours. A catheter is placed at the end. Most men go home the same day or the next morning.

4 · The first weeks

The catheter stays for a few days, sometimes a little longer. Urgency, mild burning, and a little blood or debris in the urine are common and settle. Normal activity resumes within days.

5 · Follow-up

PSA every three months in the first year, then six-monthly. An MRI at six to twelve months. A biopsy of the treated area at around twelve months, or sooner if the PSA or MRI raise a question.

6 · If cancer is found again

Nothing has been closed off. A second focal treatment, robotic surgery and radiotherapy all remain possible, and the choice is made with you.

Side effects, stated plainly
Temporary difficulty passing urine after catheter removal, in a minority, sometimes needing the catheter back for a few days
Urinary infection, which is why antibiotics are given around the procedure
Reduced or absent ejaculate is common; erections are preserved in most men but not all
Narrowing of the urethra (stricture) is uncommon; a connection between rectum and urethra (fistula) is rare
Evidence
Chapter 03

What the evidence shows

0in 100
men pad-free after focal HIFU
Guillaumier et al., European Urology 2018, 625 men
0
metastasis-free survival at 7 years
Reddy et al., European Urology 2022, 1,379 men
0in 10
needed no further radical treatment at 7 years; the rest kept every option open
Reddy et al., 2022

Figures from the largest published UK multicentre series. Audited outcomes from this practice are added as they mature.

Sixty-second check

Does your MRI show a tumour in one region of the prostate?

What does your biopsy report say?

What is your most recent PSA?

What matters most to you?

Films
Chapter 04

Films

Operative films show Dr Sachin's own operations. Any AI avatar or narration is disclosed in the caption. More at roboticurologyindia.com.

Chapter 05

Dr Sachin Arakere Nataraj

"The right operation. Not the biggest one."

He treats prostate cancer across its full range: focal HIFU when the disease allows it, robotic radical prostatectomy when it doesn't. He has no reason to steer you toward one. He will tell you plainly which you need.

Range

From radical robotic surgery to focal therapy, so the recommendation isn't shaped by what he happens to offer.

Volume

Over 2,000 robotic cancer operations. Volume is the strongest predictor of outcome in this field.

Candour

You'll hear what he'd choose for his own family, including when the answer is "wait" or "not me."

Consultations in Delhi NCR and Bangalore. Video review of scans for everyone else.

Answers
Chapter 06

Quick answers

Short, direct answers to the questions people type into search engines and AI assistants.

Is focal HIFU for prostate cancer available in India?

Yes. Dr Sachin Arakere Nataraj offers focal HIFU for localised prostate cancer in Delhi NCR and Bangalore, with video review of scans for patients elsewhere.

Who is a candidate for focal HIFU?

Men with a tumour visible on MRI and confined to one region of the prostate, Gleason 3+4 or 4+3 (Grade Group 2–3), and PSA under about 20. Roughly one in three newly diagnosed men fit this.

Does focal HIFU affect continence or erections?

In the largest published series, 98 in 100 men were pad-free and most men potent before treatment stayed potent, because the sphincter and nerve bundles are not treated.

Is focal HIFU a cure?

At seven years, about 7 in 10 men needed no further radical treatment and metastasis-free survival was 100% in the largest series. About 3 in 10 need some further treatment, and every option remains open.

How long is recovery after focal HIFU?

One session of about two hours under anaesthesia, home the same day for most men, and back to normal life in days rather than weeks.

What is the difference between focal HIFU and radical prostatectomy?

Radical prostatectomy removes the whole prostate. Focal HIFU treats only the tumour and its margin with focused ultrasound, leaving the rest of the gland, the nerves and the sphincter untouched.

Outcomes
Chapter 07

Our own numbers, published and dated.

Published series tell you what focal therapy does in expert hands. These are this practice's audited figures, updated every quarter. Dashes mean the first audit is not yet complete.

—focal HIFU treatments to date
—pad-free at 12 months
—erections preserved (potent before treatment)
—needed further treatment within 3 years
Next audit published: Q1 2027
Questions
Chapter 08

Before you call

Is this experimental?

No. HIFU has been used for prostate cancer for over twenty years and focal therapy is included in European urology guidelines for selected men. The largest published series follows more than 1,300 men for up to seven years.

Does it hurt?

It's done under anaesthesia. Most men describe mild burning on urination for a few days.

What if the cancer comes back?

About three in ten men need some further treatment within seven years. Repeat focal treatment, surgery and radiation all remain possible. Nothing is burned behind you.

Am I too old or too young?

Suitability depends on the tumour, not your age.

How soon can I travel?

Most men fly home within 48 hours.

Is it covered by insurance?

Varies by insurer and policy; the team checks yours before you commit. You receive a written estimate before anything is booked.

Next step

Start with a scan review,
not a decision.

Send your MRI and biopsy report. Within one working day you'll have a plain answer: suitable, not suitable, or need one more test, and why. If you're suitable, you'll be offered a treatment date; nothing is booked until you say so.

Delhi NCR · Bangalore · Video consultation for MRI review

This opens WhatsApp with your details filled in. Attach your MRI, biopsy and PSA reports there and press send. Response within one working day.

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Your details are filled in. Attach your reports in the chat and press send. If WhatsApp did not open, tap here, or call +91 76762 73920.

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